ISBN 9783843946094

978-3-8439-4609-4, Reihe Technische Chemie

Veit Hager
Stability and Deactivation Behavior of Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) Catalysts and Solid Catalyst with Ionic Liquid Layer (SCILL) Catalysts in Transformation Reactions of Alkenes and Alkynes

222 Seiten, Dissertation Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (2020), Softcover, A5

Zusammenfassung / Abstract

This thesis focuses on the stability and deactivation behavior of supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) catalysts and solid catalyst with ionic liquid layer (SCILL) catalysts in transformation reactions of alkenes and alkynes. The reaction systems studied were the dimerization and consecutive isomerization of ethylene to 2-butene catalyzed by SILP catalysts and the selective hydrogenation of acetylene in ethylene-rich feeds catalyzed by SCILL catalysts.

The SILP system applied in the dimerization of ethylene showed a high dimerization activity and selectivity to 2-butene but only a poor long-term stability. The objective of the first part of this thesis was to improve the catalyst lifetime of this SILP system and to identify SILP parameters and reaction conditions that have a positive effect on the stability of the SILP system. Since previous studies showed that hot spot formation plays a crucial role in the deactivation of the SILP catalyst, attempts to improve catalyst stability focused on the reduction of hot spot formation. Other attempts were aimed at stabilizing the homogeneous nickel complex against the formation of nickel dimer complexes.

The SCILL system applied in the selective hydrogenation of acetylene showed a remarkably high ethylene selectivity and stability against thermal runaway. With regard to the industrial application, understanding of the deactivation behavior of the SCILL system is very important. The objective of the second part of this thesis was to investigate how the impregnation of the Pd-Ag catalyst with ionic liquid alters the deactivation behavior of the catalyst. For this reason, the deactivation behavior of the pure Pd-Ag and the SCILL catalyst was studied in detail.